Magnitude of gestational trophoblastic disease at Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital, Ethiopia: A five-year retrospective analysis Magnitude of gestational trophoblastic disease
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Abstract
Abstract
Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD) is a spectrum of interrelated conditions but histologically distinct disease entities originating from placenta. It can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the absence of timely and proper intervention.
Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess magnitude of gestational Trophoblastic disease and associated factors in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.
Methods: A five-year retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia from September 11, 2012 to September 11, 2017. The medical records of patients managed for GTD and the total number of deliveries during the study period were retrieved. There was a total of 16,957 deliveries and 194 Gestational trophoblastic cases. The data were entered with Epi data version 3.1statistical software and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 for analysis
Results: The magnitude of gestational trophoblastic disease was 11.4%. Gestational trophoblastic disease was diagnosed in the first pregnancy 15.5% of cases and 40.2% between para one and four. Vaginal bleeding was the most common presenting symptom 87.1% and 46.4% patients had anemia at admission and 26.3% of patients were transfused with blood. Hydatidiform mole was the commonest disease accounting for 90.2%. Suction curettage was the commonest treatment modality 70.8%. Having history of GTD, hyperemesis gravidarum, respiratory symptoms and not referred cases had a statistically significant association with occurrence of hydatidiform mole. 7.7% of patients had remission, persistent GTD developed in 4.1% cases
Conclusion: The burden of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease is persistently high in the study area. Majority of the patients were not followed as per standard after management as a result their final outcome is not known for the majority of the cases.
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Keyword: Gestational trophoblastic disease, molar pregnancy, hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma, Ethiopia
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